Preliminary research

I rendered 1,418 Unicode confusable pairs across 230 fonts

AI-collected research leads through 2 October 2026, including bounded month-by-month reviews of selected social and community sources from January through September. Unranked, incomplete, not community-vetted, and subject to change.

Renders 1,418 Unicode confusable pairs across 230 fonts and uses structural image similarity to distinguish visually dangerous pairs from nominal mappings that do not resemble each other. The per-font measurements turn a binary confusables list into reproducible risk weights for identifiers and browser UI.

In the archive

• Collected in the 2026 preliminary research sweep

Related sources

• Tool and data

Tags

• unicode
• homograph
• phishing
• browser
• measurement-study
• detection
• owasp-a04-2021
• owasp-a09-2021

This page is the archive's own catalogue record. The research is the work of its author, first published at the original source. Preserved copies are kept so the citation survives its host.